Women
The systematic targeting of women’s bodies during wars has come to light as a strategy used worldwide. Women are the objects of specific, particularly sexual, forms of violence, constituting what has been defined as “gender-based violence”.
The initial aim of this project was to document the Eritrean women fleeing from one of the most repressive regimes in the world and seeking refuge in Ethiopia between 2017 and 2019.
Then, after the Ethiopian federal army invaded Tigray with the support of the Eritrean military and Amhara militia on 4 November 2020, the project’s focus was broadened to include Tigrinya women joining Eritrean women in their flight from North Ethiopia in the capital Addis Ababa or in Sudan.
United Nations human rights experts have accused all the forces involved in the Tigray war of crimes against humanity, particularly for the sexual violence perpetrated by the Ethiopian National Defense Forces (ENDF), the Eritrean Defense Forces (EDF) and the regional Amhara militias (Fano).
The EDF used sexual violence as a weapon of war against both Eritrean and Tigrinya women: on the former as punishment for fleeing their country, on the latter to exterminate them.
Their bodies became battlefields on which there were no sides.
After two years of war, a truce was signed in Pretoria, but peace is a long process which differs from a military agreement and requires the recognition of human rights without gender distinction. Women are asking for justice and the only form of compensation they can have is to obtain a better future for themselves and their children.